{"id":2090,"date":"2020-03-05T08:25:14","date_gmt":"2020-03-05T04:55:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/"},"modified":"2022-11-27T17:49:10","modified_gmt":"2022-11-27T14:19:10","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_63 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_NPN\" title=\"\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn_%D9%88_pnp_%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%9F\" title=\"\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn \u0648 pnp \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn \u0648 pnp \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn\" title=\"\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn\" title=\"\u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u00a0\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u00a0\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%87_%CE%B1_%D9%88_%CE%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_NPN\" title=\"\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u03b1 \u00a0\u0648 \u03b2 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u03b1 \u00a0\u0648 \u03b2 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn\" title=\"\u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn\">\u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%AA%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87\" title=\"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\">\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-npn\/#%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9%DB%8C\" title=\"\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\">\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_NPN\"><\/span><strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>NPN<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc NPN \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0631(\u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647) \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0639 p \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 n \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 p \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 n \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b <b>N<\/b>egative-<b>P<\/b>ositive-<b>N<\/b>egative (NPN)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647(base) \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631(collector) \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <a href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/category\/transistors\">\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn<\/a> \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"s75CSd OhScic AB4Wff\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn_%D9%88_pnp_%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%9F\"><\/span><span dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn \u0648 pnp \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"s75CSd OhScic AB4Wff\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 bjt\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 <strong>NPN<\/strong> \u06cc\u0627 <strong>PNP<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc NPN \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc PNP \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN<\/strong>\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 PNP<\/strong>\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 BJT <sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u0639 <strong>NPN <\/strong>(\u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc-\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a-\u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc) \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u0639<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>PNP <\/strong>(\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a-\u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc-\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <\/strong><strong>NPN<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u2013 <strong>\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9<\/strong>\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u062f <a href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/category\/transistors-bjt\">\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 bjt<\/a> \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc \u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc &#8220;\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9&#8221; \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u00a0 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn\"><\/span>\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5305\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/1-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"584\" height=\"280\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647: \u0641\u0644\u0634 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc &#8221; \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc NPN \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc NPN \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 (V<sub>BE<\/sub>)\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 (V<sub>CE<\/sub>) \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc NPN \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.\u00a0 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 R<sub>L<\/sub> \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u06cc\u0647 V<sub>CC<\/sub> \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 V<sub>B<\/sub> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0633 R<sub>B<\/sub> \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5306\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/2-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"405\" height=\"305\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc (\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646) \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u00a0\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a(\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0627) \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af (I<sub>c<\/sub>) \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647&#8221; \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627- \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646&#8221; \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 (I<sub>b<\/sub>) \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc NPN\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 (I<sub>c<\/sub> \/ I<sub>b<\/sub>) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 DC \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f hfe \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627 (\u03b2) \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u03b2 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 200 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u0648 I<sub>b<\/sub> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc NPN \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 I<sub>b<\/sub> \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0648 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631I<sub>c<\/sub> \/ I<sub>e<\/sub> \u060c \u0622\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u00a0(\u03b1) \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u0646\u062f). \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u00a0I<sub>e<\/sub> \u00a0\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0641\u0627 (\u03b1) \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u00a0 0.95\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u00a0 0.999\u00a0 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6527 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/what-is-a-npn-transistor.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn\" width=\"700\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/what-is-a-npn-transistor.jpg 700w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/what-is-a-npn-transistor-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/what-is-a-npn-transistor-585x313.jpg 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"s75CSd OhScic AB4Wff\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn\"><\/span><span dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u00a0\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0646\u0648\u06a9 \u0641\u0644\u0634\u060c \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 (IC)\u060c \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 (IB) \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 (IE) \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%87_%CE%B1_%D9%88_%CE%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_NPN\"><\/span><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 <\/strong>\u03b1 <strong>\u00a0\u0648 <\/strong>\u03b2<strong> \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>NPN<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u00a0 <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6530 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f1.png\" alt=\"\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \" width=\"362\" height=\"114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f1.png 362w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f1-300x94.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 362px) 100vw, 362px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">m= \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u00a0 \u0648 n= \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6531 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f2.png\" alt=\"\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn\" width=\"446\" height=\"332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f2.png 446w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f2-300x223.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 446px) 100vw, 446px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u03b1 \u0648 \u03b2 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6532 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f3.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0627 \" width=\"392\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f3.png 392w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-f3-300x153.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 392px) 100vw, 392px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 20 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 1000 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f NPN \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 50 \u062a\u0627 200 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 Ic \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0635\u0641\u0631 (I<sub>b<\/sub> = 0) \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u060c (\u03b2 \u00d7 0). \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 1 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>NPN<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc NPN \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 DC \u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 (\u0628\u062a\u0627) 200 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 I<sub>b<\/sub> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u06cc 4mA \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6533 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/exp-1-npn.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06f1 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN\" width=\"414\" height=\"64\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/exp-1-npn.png 414w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/exp-1-npn-300x46.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 414px) 100vw, 414px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u03b2 = 200 \u060c I<sub>c<\/sub> = 4mA \u0648 I<sub>b<\/sub> = 20\u03bcA\u00a0 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc <\/strong><strong>NPN<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 (V<sub>C<\/sub>) \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 (V<sub>e<\/sub>)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 0.7 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 ( \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 (V<sub>be<\/sub>) \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 0.7 \u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6534 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/IB-npn.png\" alt=\"Ib \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\" width=\"199\" height=\"80\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 I<sub>b<\/sub> \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u060c V<sub>b<\/sub> \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u060c V<sub>be<\/sub> \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u06cc\u0633-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 (0.7 \u0648\u0644\u062a) \u0648 R<sub>b<\/sub> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 I<sub>b<\/sub> \u060c V<sub>be<\/sub> \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 0.7 \u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 2 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>NPN<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 DC \u060c V<sub>b<\/sub>=10V \u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u060c R<sub>b<\/sub> =100k\u03a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6535 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/exp-2-npn.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06f2 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN\" width=\"457\" height=\"59\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/exp-2-npn.png 457w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/exp-2-npn-300x39.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c I<sub>b<\/sub> = 93\u03bcA\u00a0 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_npn\"><\/span><strong>\u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 npn<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc &#8220;\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646&#8221; \u06cc\u0627 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634&#8221; \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0622\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u060c <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc <\/strong><strong>NPN<\/strong> \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 AC \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 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\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u00a0\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 A \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.\u00a0 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 &#8220;\u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 &#8220;A \u00a0\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631-\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc AC \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 DC \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 &#8220;\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633&#8221; \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc<\/strong> \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u00a0\u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u00a0 (I<sub>c<\/sub>) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u00a0 (V<sub>ce<\/sub>) \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 (<sub>Ib<\/sub>) \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u03b2 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631&#8221; DC \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 V<sub>ce<\/sub> \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc AC \u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647-Q \u00a0\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%AA%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87\"><\/span><strong>\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5307\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"784\" height=\"366\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9%DB%8C\"><\/span><strong>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5309\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/4-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"554\" height=\"432\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 V<sub>ce<\/sub> \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 V<sub>ce<\/sub> \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 1 \u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a V<sub>ce<\/sub> \u00a0\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 I<sub>b<\/sub> \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f . \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a&#8221; \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 I<sub>e<\/sub> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u00a0 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633I<sub>b<\/sub> \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u00a0\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 (CE) \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 I<sub>e<\/sub> = I<sub>c<\/sub> + I<sub>b<\/sub> \u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u00a0 (R<sub>L<\/sub>) \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 I<sub>c<\/sub> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u06cc\u0647( V<sub>cc<\/sub>) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 (V<sub>ce<\/sub>) \u00a0\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6536 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/IC-formula.png\" alt=\"\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\" width=\"345\" height=\"60\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/IC-formula.png 345w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/IC-formula-300x52.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 345px) 100vw, 345px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 <strong>\u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639&#8221; (A) \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc V<sub>ce<\/sub> = 0 \u062a\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 &#8220;\u0642\u0637\u0639&#8221; (B) \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 I<sub>c<\/sub> = 0 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 &#8220;\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc&#8221; \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647- Q \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644&#8221; \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6537 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/VCE-IC-npn.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631 npn\" width=\"633\" height=\"126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/VCE-IC-npn.png 633w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/VCE-IC-npn-300x60.png 300w, https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/VCE-IC-npn-585x116.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 633px) 100vw, 633px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u067e\u0633\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/strong><strong> NPN<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9<\/strong> \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 I<sub>c<\/sub>\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 V<sub>ce<\/sub> \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 I<sub>b<\/sub> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647- Q \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u00a0\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6538 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/npn-formula.png\" alt=\"\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u0628 \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631 npn\" width=\"239\" height=\"79\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <\/strong><strong>NPN<\/strong> \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634&#8221; \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0622\u0646 (B) \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 (E)\u060c \u00a0\u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 &#8220;\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646&#8221; \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc NPN \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc V<sub>c<\/sub> \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 V<sub>e<\/sub> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f <a href=\"https:\/\/digighate.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-bjt\/\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06a9\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 PNP \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 PNP \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc NPN \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0647\u0627 (\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633) \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u060c \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bipolar Junction Transistor<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc NPN \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0631(\u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647) \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0639 p \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 n \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6529,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[191],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.9 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 NPN \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f | \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u201c\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0631 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